Chicken

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of TRAF3 in chicken

H. L. Yang, Feng, Z. Q., Zeng, S. Q., Li, S. M., Zhu, Q., and Liu, Y. P., Molecular cloning and expression analysis of TRAF3 in chicken, vol. 14, pp. 4408-4419, 2015.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) is a crucial regulator that suppresses c-Jun N-terminal kinase and non-canonical nuclear factor-kB signaling, but facilitates type I interferon production. To determine TRAF3 function in innate immune responses among birds, particularly chicken, we cloned and characterized the chicken TRAF3 gene (chTRAF3) and detected its tissue expression profile in chicken.

Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel chicken gene named grni

Y. Hua, Hui, D. Y., Rong, Z. H., and Cheng, T., Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel chicken gene named grni, vol. 13, pp. 386-395, 2014.

The full-length cDNA sequence of a novel expressed sequence tag (GenBank accession No. HQ184338) that was differentially expressed during Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection in chickens was cloned from the chicken spleen by a rapid amplification of cDNA ends assay. This gene was further analyzed using bioinformatic methods and named grni. The full-length cDNA sequence was 1698 bp without introns, locating between 104,691,934 and 104,693,618 in galGal4 on chromosome 2. The open reading frame (ORF) contained 261 bp and encoded a deduced protein of 86 amino acid residues.

Differential expression of the MHM region and of sex-determining-related genes during gonadal development in chicken embryos

L. C. Caetano, Gennaro, F. G. O., Coelho, K., Araújo, F. M., Vila, R. A., Araújo, A., A. Bernardo, deMelo, Marcondes, C. R., Lopes, S. M. Chuva de S., and Ramos, E. S., Differential expression of the MHM region and of sex-determining-related genes during gonadal development in chicken embryos, vol. 13, pp. 838-849, 2014.

The chicken (Gallus gallus) embryo has been used as a classic model system for developmental studies because of its easy accessibility for surgical manipulation during embryonic development. Sex determination in birds is chromosomally based (ZZ for males and ZW for females); however, the basic mechanism of sex determination is still unknown. Here, the dynamics of expression of candidate genes implicated in vertebrate sex determination and differentiation were studied during embryonic chicken gonadal development.

Transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α gene is associated with chicken skeletal muscle fiber types

J. T. Shu, Xu, W. J., Zhang, M., Song, W. T., Shan, Y. J., Song, C., Zhu, W. Q., Zhang, X. Y., and Li, H. F., Transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α gene is associated with chicken skeletal muscle fiber types, vol. 13, pp. 895-905, 2014.

The peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a candidate gene for meat quality traits because of its prominent role in muscle fiber type switching and determination. We investigated the effects of the PGC-1α gene on chicken skeletal muscle fiber type switching and on other meat quality traits. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing, and then genotyping was performed by PCR-ligation detection reaction methods.

Adjacent SNPs in the transcriptional regulatory region of the FADS2 gene associated with fatty acid and growth traits in chickens

S. K. Zhu, Tian, Y. D., Zhang, S., Chen, Q. X., Wang, Q. Y., Han, R. L., and Kang, X. T., Adjacent SNPs in the transcriptional regulatory region of the FADS2 gene associated with fatty acid and growth traits in chickens, vol. 13, pp. 3329-3336, 2014.

Delta-6 fatty acid desaturases are rate-limiting desaturases involved in metabolic processes of fatty acids, and they are encoded by the FADS2 gene. In the current study, an F2 resource population of Gushi chickens crossed with Anak broilers was used to investigate the genetic effects of the chicken FADS2.

Expression analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs in male and female chicken embryos

Y. P. Feng, Chen, J. F., Huang, P., Wang, X., Wang, J., Peng, X. L., and Gong, Y. Z., Expression analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs in male and female chicken embryos, vol. 13, pp. 3060-3068, 2014.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that play key roles in the regulation of development processes of many tissues and organs at the post-transcriptional level. However, little is known about how they affect chicken gonadal development. We examined the expression of four miRNAs (miR-218, -200b, -196, and -206) in chicken embryonic gonads at embryonic days 3.5-6.5. Their target genes were predicted by miRDB, TargetScan and PicTar algorithms.

Genetic diversity of local Yunnan chicken breeds and their relationships with Red Junglefowl

J. L. Huo, Wu, G. S., Chen, T., Huo, H. L., Yuan, F., Liu, L. X., Ge, C. R., and Miao, Y. W., Genetic diversity of local Yunnan chicken breeds and their relationships with Red Junglefowl, vol. 13, pp. 3371-3383, 2014.

Yunnan is situated in the Southwest China and encompasses regions having high biodiversity, including habitats for several ancestral species of domestic animals such as chicken. Domestic chickens in Yunnan were kept by peoples of varied ethnic and economic backgrounds living in highly varied geographic environments. To identify the genetic background of Yunnan domestic chickens and their relationships with Red Junglefowl, we applied 28 widely used microsatellite DNA markers to genotype 340 birds from 7 chicken breeds and Red Junglefowl indigenous to Yunnan.

Association of chicken growth hormone polymorphisms with egg production

Y. J. Su, Shu, J. T., Zhang, M., Zhang, X. Y., Shan, Y. J., Li, G. H., Yin, J. M., Song, W. T., Li, H. F., and Zhao, G. P., Association of chicken growth hormone polymorphisms with egg production, vol. 13, pp. 4893-4903, 2014.

Growth hormone (GH) has diverse functions in animals, together with other hormones from the somatotropic axis. Here, chicken GH (cGH) was investigated in recessive white chickens and Qingyuan partridge chickens as a candidate gene affecting egg production traits. Chicken egg production traits were studied in association with 4 selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (T185G, G662A, T3094C, and C3199T). Genotyping was performed by the polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction method.

RNA interference of leptin receptor in chicken adipocytes

A. X. Huang, Li, J. J., Tian, Y., Shen, J. D., Tao, Z. R., Li, G. Q., Lu, L. Z., Fu, Y., and Wu, T. X., RNA interference of leptin receptor in chicken adipocytes, vol. 13, pp. 5901-5907, 2014.

In this study, chicken adipocytes were cultured to evaluate RNA interference by the leptin receptor gene. A small interfering RNA of the leptin receptor gene was synthesized, with a suppression rate of 60% being generated (P peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, fatty acid synthase, adipose triglyceride lipase, and lipoprotein lipase. In addition, a significant increase in the expression of the adiponectin gene was documented.

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