Cytotoxicity

Cytotoxicity and DNA damage in mouse macrophages exposed to silica nanoparticles

H. Yang, Wu, Q. Y., Lao, C. S., Li, M. Y., Gao, Y., Zheng, Y., Shi, B., Yang, H., Wu, Q. Y., Lao, C. S., Li, M. Y., Gao, Y., Zheng, Y., and Shi, B., “Cytotoxicity and DNA damage in mouse macrophages exposed to silica nanoparticles”, vol. 15, p. -, 2016.

Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles are being progressively applied in various applications, including cosmetics, food technology, and medical diagnostics. Although crystalline SiO2 is a known carcinogen, the carcinogenicity of SiO2 nanoparticles remains unclear. Here, we assessed the cytotoxic effects and DNA injury induced by exposure to various dosages of SiO2 nanoparticles at 0-2400 mg/mL (0-3200 mg/mL microscale SiO2 as positive control) for 24 h using RAW264.7 cells, followed by methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay.

Dihydromyricetin induces cell apoptosis via a p53-related pathway in AGS human gastric cancer cells

F. J. Ji, Tian, X. F., Liu, X. W., Fu, L. B., Wu, Y. Y., Fang, X. D., and Jin, H. Y., “Dihydromyricetin induces cell apoptosis via a p53-related pathway in AGS human gastric cancer cells”, vol. 14, pp. 15564-15571, 2015.

The aim of the present study was to determine the anti­proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of dihydromyricetin (DHM) on the AGS human gastric cancer cells and their underlying mechanisms. The effects of DHM on AGS cells were evaluated by using 3-(4, 5-di­methylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), lactate dehydrogenase, and Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double-staining assays. The underlying mechanisms were determined by using quanti­tative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

O-naphthoquinone isolated from Capraria biflora L. induces selective cytotoxicity in tumor cell lines

G. G. Nde S. Wisintainer, Scola, G., Moura, S., Lemos, T. L. G., Pessoa, C., de Moraes, M. O., Souza, L. G. S., Roesch-Ely, M., and Henriques, J. A. P., “O-naphthoquinone isolated from Capraria biflora L. induces selective cytotoxicity in tumor cell lines”, vol. 14, pp. 17472-17481, 2015.

Biflorin is an o-naphthoquinone isolated from the roots of the plant Capraria biflora L. (Scrophulariaceae). In this study, the cytotoxic effects of biflorin were verified, and late apoptosis was detected in various cancer cell lines by in situ analysis. The cytotoxicity was further evaluated exclusively for 48 h of treatment in different tumor and non-tumor cell lines (Hep-2, HeLa, HT-29, A-375, and A-549, and HEK-293, respectively). The results indicated that biflorin induced selective cytotoxicity in tumor cells.

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