Enzyme activity

Physiological and morphological responses induced by α-particle radiation on Arabidopsis thaliana embryos

J. Ren, Liu, L., Jin, X. L., Fu, S. L., and Ding, Z. C., Physiological and morphological responses induced by α-particle radiation on Arabidopsis thaliana embryos, vol. 13, pp. 9569-9577, 2014.

Alpha (a)-particle radiation has been thoroughly studied in the occupational and residential environments, but biological mechanisms induced by a-particle radiation on plants are not clearly understood. In this study, radiation effects were examined using different total doses (1, 10, 100 Gy, respectively) of 241Am, a-particle on Arabidopsis embryos. No significant difference in the germination percentage was observed between the 3 levels of doses and the control.

Relationships among lipid peroxidation, SOD enzyme activity, and SOD gene expression profile in Lycopersicum esculentum L. exposed to cold stress

S. S. Aydin, Büyük, İ., and Aras, S., Relationships among lipid peroxidation, SOD enzyme activity, and SOD gene expression profile in Lycopersicum esculentum L. exposed to cold stress, vol. 12, pp. 3220-3229, 2013.

The current study was designed to evaluate lipid peroxidation (via malondialdehyde) levels, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene expression profile, and SOD enzyme activity in tomato plants (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) subjected to different time periods of cold stress (control, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days). Results revealed that maximum lipid peroxidation occurred in plants exposed to cold stress for 10 days, and SOD enzyme activity gradually increased with increasing exposure to cold stress.

Genetic determinants of the defense response of resistant and susceptible pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivars infected with Phytophthora capsici (Oomycetes; Pythiaceae)

Y. - L. Zhang, Li, D. - W., Gong, Z. - H., Wang, J. - E., Yin, Y. - X., and Ji, J. - J., Genetic determinants of the defense response of resistant and susceptible pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivars infected with Phytophthora capsici (Oomycetes; Pythiaceae), vol. 12, pp. 3605-3621, 2013.

Based on culture isolation and morphological observation blight-infected pepper plants in Shaanxi Province, China, we identified the pathogen causing pepper phytophthora blight as Phytophthora capsici. Varieties that differed in resistance (CM334, PBC602, and B27) were inoculated with this pathogen. The root activity of resistant CM334 variety was the highest while that of susceptible B27 variety was the lowest.

Carbon source-induced changes in the physiology of the cacao pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa (Basidiomycetes) affect mycelial morphology and secretion of necrosis-inducing proteins

F. C. Alvim, Mattos, E. M., Pirovani, C. P., Gramacho, K., Pungartnik, C., Brendel, M., Cascardo, J. C. M., and Vincentz, M., Carbon source-induced changes in the physiology of the cacao pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa (Basidiomycetes) affect mycelial morphology and secretion of necrosis-inducing proteins, vol. 8, pp. 1035-1050, 2009.

Quantitative and qualitative relationships were found between secreted proteins and their activity, and the hyphal morphol­ogy of Moniliophthora perniciosa, the causal agent of witches’ broom disease in Theobroma cacao. This fungus was grown on fermentable and non-fermentable carbon sources; significant differences in myce­lial morphology were observed and correlated with the carbon source.

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