Gene expression

High-throughput sequencing identification of genes involved with Varroa destructor resistance in the eastern honeybee, Apis cerana

T. Ji, Yin, L., Liu, Z., Shen, F., and Shen, J., “High-throughput sequencing identification of genes involved with Varroa destructor resistance in the eastern honeybee, Apis cerana”, vol. 13, pp. 9086-9096, 2014.

Varroa destructor is the greatest threat to the honeybee Apis mellifera worldwide, while it rarely causes serious harm to its native host, the Eastern honeybee Apis cerana. The genetic mechanisms underlying the resistance of A. cerana to Varroa remain unclear. Thus, understanding the molecular mechanism of resistance to Varroa may provide useful insights for reducing this disease in other organisms. In this study, the transcriptomes of two A. cerana colonies were sequenced using the Illumina Solexa sequencing method.

Transcriptional responses in eastern honeybees (Apis cerana) infected with mites, Varroa destructor

T. Ji, Yin, L., Liu, Z., Liang, Q., Luo, Y., Shen, J., and Shen, F., “Transcriptional responses in eastern honeybees (Apis cerana) infected with mites, Varroa destructor”, vol. 13, pp. 8888-8900, 2014.

The Varroa destructor mite has become the greatest threat to Apis mellifera health worldwide, but rarely causes serious damage to its native host Apis cerana. Understanding the resistance mechanisms of eastern bees against Varroa mites will help researchers determine how to protect other species from this organism. The A. cerana genome has not been previously sequenced; hence, here we sequenced the A. cerana nurse workers transcriptome and monitored the differential gene expression of A. cerana bees challenged by V.

Selection of optimized candidate reference genes for qRT-PCR normalization in rice (Oryza sativa L.) during Magnaporthe oryzae infection and drought

R. Bevitori, Oliveira, M. B., Grossi-de-Sá, M. F., Lanna, A. C., da Silveira, R. D., and Petrofeza, S., “Selection of optimized candidate reference genes for qRT-PCR normalization in rice (Oryza sativa L.) during Magnaporthe oryzae infection and drought”, vol. 13, pp. 9795-9805, 2014.

Drought and rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae are two of the most serious threats to global rice production. To explore the mechanisms underlying gene expression induced in rice by stresses, studies involving transcriptome analyses have been conducted over the past few years. Thus, it is crucial to have a reliable set of reference genes to normalize the expression levels of rice genes affected by different stresses. To identify potential reference genes for studies of the differential expression of target genes in rice under M.

 Cloning and expression of UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase gene in peach flowers

X. C. Wen, Han, J., Leng, X. P., Ma, R. J., Jiang, W. B., and Fang, J. G., “ Cloning and expression of UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase gene in peach flowers”, vol. 13, pp. 10067-10075, 2014.

To elucidate the connection between flower coloration and the expression of genes associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis, a gene encoding UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) was isolated, and the expression of the last four genes in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway during peach flower development was determined. The nucleotide sequence of the peach UFGT (GenBank accession No. JX149550) is highly similar to its homologs in other plants.

Association between DLK1 and IGF-I gene expression and meat quality in sheep

R. Su, Sun, W., Li, D., Wang, Q. Z., Lv, X. Y., Musa, H. H., Chen, L., Zhang, Y. F., and Wu, W. Z., “Association between DLK1 and IGF-I gene expression and meat quality in sheep”, vol. 13, pp. 10308-10319, 2014.

The aim of the present study was to detect delta-like 1 ho­molog (DLK1) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) gene expression in the longissimus dorsi of Hu sheep at different growth stages and study the association between these genes and meat quality. The diameter and density of muscle fibers and tenderness of the longissimus dorsi were measured. Growth stage, but not sex, significantly affected DLK1 and IGF-I expression.

Circulatory microRNA-145 expression is increased in cerebral ischemia

C. S. Gan, Wang, C. W., and Tan, K. S., “Circulatory microRNA-145 expression is increased in cerebral ischemia”, vol. 11. pp. 147-152, 2012.

Cerebral ischemia or ischemic stroke is mainly attributed to vascular and circulation disorders. Among protein biomarkers, RNA profiles have also been identified as markers of ischemic stroke. MicroRNA-145 expression is ostensibly recognized as marker and modulator of vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype; however, expression levels in ischemic stroke had not been investigated. Employing real-time quantitative PCR, we examined the expression profile of circulatory microRNA-145 in healthy control subjects (N = 14) and ischemic stroke patients (N = 32).

Effects of the antipsoriatic drug dithranol on E2A and caspase-9 gene expression in vitro

C. Ronpirin and Tencomnao, T., “Effects of the antipsoriatic drug dithranol on E2A and caspase-9 gene expression in vitro”, vol. 11, pp. 412-420, 2012.

Although the precise causes of psoriasis remain to be elucidated, psoriasis has been known as a disorder in which factors in the immune system, enzymes and other biochemical substances that regulate skin cell division are functionally imbalanced, thereby resulting in rapid proliferation of keratinocytes and incomplete keratinization. The expression of candidate genes such as E2A and caspase-9, which have been recognized to play a critical role in cellular proliferation/differentiation and apoptosis, is of great interest.

Expression of CD44 in sheep oocytes and preimplantation embryos

J. V. Luz, Alcântara-Neto, A. S., Batista, R. I. T. P., Souza, J. M. G., Teixeira, D. I. A., Melo, L. M., and Freitas, V. J. F., “Expression of CD44 in sheep oocytes and preimplantation embryos”, vol. 11, pp. 799-809, 2012.

The CD44 family belongs to a larger group of hyaluronic acid-binding proteins and plays important roles in oocyte maturation, fertilization and preimplantational embryo development. We analyzed the CD44 receptor in sheep oocytes and embryos. Immature oocytes (N = 66) were obtained from a local abattoir; mature oocytes (N = 35) and embryos (N = 41) were obtained by laparotomy from adult hair ewes submitted to ovarian stimulation treatment.

Boric acid increases the expression levels of human anion exchanger genes SLC4A2 and SLC4A3

F. Akbas and Aydin, Z., “Boric acid increases the expression levels of human anion exchanger genes SLC4A2 and SLC4A3”, vol. 11, pp. 847-854, 2012.

Boron is an important micronutrient in plants and animals. The role of boron in living systems includes coordinated regulation of gene expression, growth and proliferation of higher plants and animals. There are several well-defined genes associated with boron transportation and tolerance in plants and these genes show close homology with human anion exchanger genes. Mutation of these genes also characterizes some genetic disorders.

Gene expression and molecular modeling of the HSP104 chaperone of Trypanosoma cruzi

R. A. Campos, da Silva, M. L., da Costa, G. V., Bisch, P. M., Peralta, J. M., Silva, R., Rondinelli, E., and Ürményi, T. P., “Gene expression and molecular modeling of the HSP104 chaperone of Trypanosoma cruzi”, vol. 11, pp. 2122-2129, 2012.

Heat shock protein (HSP) 104 is a highly conserved molecular chaperone that catalyzes protein unfolding, disaggregation and degradation under stress conditions. We characterized HSP104 gene structure and expression in Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan parasite that causes Chagas’ disease. The T. cruzi HSP104 is an 869 amino-acid protein encoded by a single-copy gene that has the highest sequence similarity (76%) with that of T. brucei and the lowest (23%) with that of the human protein.

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