Gene expression

Critical evaluation of transcription factor Atf2 as a candidate modulator of alcohol preference in mouse and human populations

L. S. Wang, Jiao, Y., Huang, Y., Liu, X. Y., Gibson, G., Bennett, B., Hamre, K. M., Li, D. W., Zhao, H. Y., Gelernter, J., Kranzler, H. R., Farrer, L. A., Lu, L., Wang, Y. J., and Gu, W. K., “Critical evaluation of transcription factor Atf2 as a candidate modulator of alcohol preference in mouse and human populations”, vol. 12, pp. 5992-6005, 2013.

In prior work, congenic strains carrying the DBA/2Igb (D2) region of chromosome 2 (Chr2) for alcohol preference were bred onto a C57BL/6Ibg (B6) background and as predicted were found to reduce voluntary consumption. Subsequently, interval-specific congenic recombinant strains (ISCRS) were generated and also tested. These ISCRS strains reduced the quantitative trait loci (QTL) interval to a comparatively small 3.4 Mb region. Here, we have exploited an integrative approach using both murine and human populations to critically evaluate candidate genes within this region.

Expression of calpastatin and myostatin genes associated with lamb meat quality

A. Bagatoli, Gasparino, E., Soares, M. A. M., Amaral, R. M., Macedo, F. A. F., Voltolini, D. M., and Del Vesco, A. P., “Expression of calpastatin and myostatin genes associated with lamb meat quality”, vol. 12, pp. 6168-6175, 2013.

Calpastatin (CAST) is an endogenous calpain inhibitor and its main function is to modulate the proteolytic action of enzymes responsible for post-mortem myofibril deterioration. The myostatin gene (GDF-8) acts as a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. The expression of these two genes, as well as their interaction, affects the quality of the meat, especially the tenderness phenotype.

Gene expression during induced differentiation of sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts

Y. Hu, Tang, X. - X., and He, H. - Y., “Gene expression during induced differentiation of sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts”, vol. 12, pp. 6527-6534, 2013.

The aim of this study was to observe the dynamic expression of osteopontin, type I collagen, and osteocalcin genes during the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into osteoblasts and confirm whether BMSCs can differentiate and mature into osteoblasts. A healthy, 2-month-old Altay tailed sheep was obtained, and 10 mL bone marrow was extracted from the posterior superior iliac spine of the sheep via puncture. Sheep BMSCs were extracted using a whole bone marrow culture method and cultured for osteogenic induction.

Expression of 1alpha-HYD and 24-HYD in bovine kidney mediated by vitamin D3 supplementation

L. R. Rezende, Delgado, E. F., Júnior, A. R. L., Gasparin, G., Jorge, E. C., Mourão, G. B., and Coutinho, L. L., “Expression of 1alpha-HYD and 24-HYD in bovine kidney mediated by vitamin D3 supplementation”, vol. 12, pp. 6611-6618, 2013.

In order to better understand vitamin D3 in cattle metabolism, we quantified 1alpha-HYD and 24-HYD gene expression. In the kidneys of 35 male Nellore cattle, these were divided into a control group and two treatment groups (2 x 106 international units of vitamin D3 administered for 2 or 8 consecutive days pre-slaughter).

Chicken skeletal muscle-associated macroarray for gene discovery

E. C. Jorge, Melo, C. M. R., Rosário, M. F., Rossi, J. R. S., Ledur, M. C., Moura, A. S. A. M. T., and Coutinho, L. L., “Chicken skeletal muscle-associated macroarray for gene discovery”, vol. 9, pp. 188-207, 2010.

Macro- and microarrays are well-established technologies to determine gene functions through repeated measurements of transcript abundance. We constructed a chicken skeletal muscle-associated array based on a muscle-specific EST database, which was used to generate a tissue expression dataset of ~4500 chicken genes across 5 adult tissues (skeletal muscle, heart, liver, brain, and skin). Only a small number of ESTs were sufficiently well characterized by BLAST searches to determine their probable cellular functions.

Cloning and quantitative expression analysis of drought-induced genes in soybean

R. Stolf-Moreira, Medri, M. E., Neumaier, N., Lemos, N. G., Brogin, R. L., Marcelino, F. C., de Oliveira, M. C. N., Farias, J. R. B., Abdelnoor, R. V., and Nepomuceno, A. L., “Cloning and quantitative expression analysis of drought-induced genes in soybean”, vol. 9, pp. 858-867, 2010.

We determined the expression levels of DREB transcription factor (Gmdreb1) and of the genes Gmgols, Gmpip1b, Gmereb, and Gmdefensin in drought-tolerant (MG/BR46-Conquista) and drought-sensitive (BR16) genotypes of soybean, during drought. The trial was carried out in a controlled-environment chamber, set up to provide drought conditions. Sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana DREB-family proteins were used to build a phylogenetic tree through the alignment of the conserved regions near the AP2 domain.

Gene expression profile of the plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum under the antagonistic effect of Pantoea agglomerans

V. Pandolfi, Jorge, E. C., Melo, C. M. R., Albuquerque, A. C. S., and Carrer, H., “Gene expression profile of the plant pathogen Fusarium graminearum under the antagonistic effect of Pantoea agglomerans”, vol. 9, pp. 1298-1311, 2010.

The pathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum is an ongoing threat to agriculture, causing losses in grain yield and quality in diverse crops. Substantial progress has been made in the identification of genes involved in the suppression of phytopathogens by antagonistic microorganisms; however, limited information regarding responses of plant pathogens to these biocontrol agents is available. Gene expression analysis was used to identify differentially expressed transcripts of the fungal plant pathogen F.

Genetic mapping of Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae) seedlings of the Parinari series, carriers of the lethal gene Luteus-Pa

B. C. Rehem, Almeida, A. - A. F., Corrêa, R. X., Gesteira, A. S., Yamada, M. M., and Valle, R. R., “Genetic mapping of Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae) seedlings of the Parinari series, carriers of the lethal gene Luteus-Pa”, vol. 9, pp. 1775-1784, 2010.

The lethal gene ‘Luteus-Pa’ is found in cacao genotypes (Theobroma cacao) of the Parinari (Pa) series, from Peru. Seedlings affected by this gene have yellowing leaves and subsequently die. We mapped this gene based on microsatellite markers and RAPDs, in order to elucidate the inheritance of ‘Luteus-Pa’ and investigate possible lethal mechanisms. DNA samples of genitors were amplified with 87 SSR and 64 RAPD primers. The SSR primers amplified 65 RAPD primers, giving 179 polymorphic bands.

Differential gene expression patterns in the autogamous plant Hordeum euclaston (Poaceae)

J. E. Georg-Kraemer, Ferreira, C. A. S., and Cavalli, S. S., “Differential gene expression patterns in the autogamous plant Hordeum euclaston (Poaceae)”, vol. 10, pp. 295-310, 2011.

Sib-seedlings of 95 strains of the strictly autogamous grass Hordeum euclaston were analyzed by horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for four isoenzyme systems at a specific ontogenetic stage. We found differences in the activity of some genes among individuals of this species. Hence, an ontogenetic analysis was carried out to investigate 12 strains at five ontogenetic stages, to determine the patterns of expression of these genes during development.

Differential gene expression and functional analysis of pit cells from regenerating rat liver

C. S. Xu, Chen, X. G., Chang, C. F., Wang, G. P., Wang, W. B., Zhang, L. X., Zhu, Q. S., and Wang, L., “Differential gene expression and functional analysis of pit cells from regenerating rat liver”, vol. 10, pp. 678-692, 2011.

Hepatic pit cells are a population of large granular lymphocytes that substantially contribute to hepatic immunity. Studies have proven that pit cells have a role in liver regeneration, but the details of the relationship between pit cells and liver regeneration is not clear at present.

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