Genetic structure

Assessment of genetic diversity of bermudagrass germplasm from southwest China and Africa by using AFLP markers

Y. Ling, Huang, L. K., Zhang, X. Q., Ma, X., Liu, W., Chen, S. Y., and Yan, H. D., “Assessment of genetic diversity of bermudagrass germplasm from southwest China and Africa by using AFLP markers”, vol. 14, pp. 1748-1756, 2015.

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. var. dactylon (common bermudagrass) is widely distributed geographically between approximately 45°N and 45°S latitude, penetrating to approximately 53°N latitude in Europe. The extensive variation of morphological and adaptive characteristics of the taxon has been substantially documented, but information is lacking on DNA molecular variation in geographically disparate forms.

Selecting representative microsatellite loci for genetic monitoring and analyzing genetic structure of an outbred population of orange tabby cats in China

X. Y. Du, Yi, S., Huo, X. Y., Wang, C., Liu, D. F., Ren, W. Z., and Chen, Z. W., “Selecting representative microsatellite loci for genetic monitoring and analyzing genetic structure of an outbred population of orange tabby cats in China”, vol. 14, pp. 1788-1797, 2015.

We optimized a panel of microsatellite markers from cat and tiger genetic data for efficient genetic monitoring and used it to analyze the genetic structure of an outbred cat stock in China. We selected a set of rich polymorphic microsatellite loci from 131 cat microsatellite loci and 3 Sumatran tiger microsatellite loci using agarose gel electrophoresis. Next, the set of optimized genetic markers was used to analyze the genetic variation in an outbred population of orange tabby cats in China by simple-tandem repeat scanning.

Microsatellite analysis of genetic diversity and genetic structure in five consecutive breeding generations of mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky)

T. L. Yi, Guo, W. J., Liang, X. F., Yang, M., Lv, L. Y., Tian, C. X., Song, Y., Zhao, C., and Sun, J., “Microsatellite analysis of genetic diversity and genetic structure in five consecutive breeding generations of mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky)”, vol. 14, pp. 2600-2607, 2015.

In this report, 10 polymorphic microsatellites were applied to assess the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of 5 consecutive breeding generations of mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky). The results from total number of alleles, average polymorphism information content, and average homozygosity and heterozygosity showed that the genetic diversity of the breeding population was decreasing.

Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers for Castanopsis hystrix (Fagaceae)

Y. Jiang, Li, Z. H., Zhu, J. Y., and Liu, H. L., “Development and characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers for Castanopsis hystrix (Fagaceae)”, vol. 14, pp. 2436-2439, 2015.

Castanopsis hystrix is one of the most important and dominant species in evergreen broad-leaved forests in subtropical China. However, the population of this species undergone severe decline because of deforestation over the past 2 decades. For both conservation and forestry management, it is essential to develop molecular markers for C. hystrix. We identified 11 microsatellite loci in 2 wild populations. The number of alleles ranged from 3-11, with an average of 6.45 alleles per locus.

Genetic structure and diversity in natural and stocked populations of the mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) in China

M. Yang, Tian, C., Liang, X. - F., Zheng, H., Zhao, C., and Zhu, K., “Genetic structure and diversity in natural and stocked populations of the mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) in China”, vol. 14, pp. 5153-5160, 2015.

The Chinese perch, or mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi), is a freshwater fish that is endemic to East Asia. In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity and structure of nine natural mandarin fish populations (from the Yangtze River and Amur River basins) and six hatchery stocks (from central and south China) using microsatellite markers. The results show that the genetic diversity of the Yangtze River populations was high and stable, and genetic differences between them were not significant.

Quaternary origin and genetic divergence of the endemic cactus Mammillaria pectinifera in a changing landscape in the Tehuacán Valley, Mexico

A. Cornejo-Romero, Medina-Sánchez, J., Hernández-Hernández, T., Rendón-Aguilar, B., Valverde, P. L., Zavala-Hurtado, A., Rivas-Arancibia, S. P., Pérez-Hernández, M. A., López-Ortega, G., Jiménez-Sierra, C., and Vargas-Mendoza, C. F., “Quaternary origin and genetic divergence of the endemic cactus Mammillaria pectinifera in a changing landscape in the Tehuacán Valley, Mexico”, vol. 13, pp. 73-88, 2014.

The endemic Mexican cactus, Mammillaria pectinifera, shows low dispersal capabilities and isolated populations within the highly dissected landscape of Tehuacán Valley. These characteristics can restrict gene flow and act upon the genetic divergence and speciation in arid plants. We conducted a phylogeographic study to determine if the origin, current distribution, and genetic structure of M. pectinifera were driven by Quaternary geomorphic processes.

Movement patterns and genetic diversity of wild and reintroduced common dormice, Muscardinus avellanarius

D. M. Naim, Telfer, S., Tatman, S., Bird, S., Kemp, S. J., and Watts, P. C., “Movement patterns and genetic diversity of wild and reintroduced common dormice, Muscardinus avellanarius”, vol. 13, pp. 167-181, 2014.

Movement is an important life history trait that can have an impact on local adaptation, and other evolutionary phenomena. We used a combination of nestbox survey data and genetic techniques (genotyping at 10 microsatellite loci) to quantify patterns of movement in common dormice Muscardinus avellanarius at two distinct sites in the UK: 1) Bontuchel (a natural population) and 2) Wych (captive-bred individuals that were reintroduced to this site), over three consecutive years (2006-2008).

Range-wide phylogeography and conservation genetics of a narrowly endemic stream salamander, Pachyhynobius shangchengensis (Caudata, Hynobiidae): implications for conservation

T. Pan, Wang, H., Hu, C. - C., Shi, W. - B., Zhao, K., Huang, X., and Zhang, B. - W., “Range-wide phylogeography and conservation genetics of a narrowly endemic stream salamander, Pachyhynobius shangchengensis (Caudata, Hynobiidae): implications for conservation”, vol. 13, pp. 2873-2885, 2014.

The Shangcheng stout salamander (Pachyhynobius shangchengensis) is an endangered amphibian endemic to the Dabie Mountains, southeast China, and is currently threatened by habitat loss and illegal poaching. Here we used the mitochondrial DNA control region sequence (768 bp) to conduct a comprehensive investigation of genetic diversity, phylogeographic pattern, and demographic history of the species across its geographic distribution to assist its conservation. We concluded that the levels of genetic variation are relatively low in all four populations.

Genetic relatedness between Ardi, Black Bedouin and Damascus goat breeds

R. M. Al-Atiyat and Aljumaah, R. S., “Genetic relatedness between Ardi, Black Bedouin and Damascus goat breeds”, vol. 13, pp. 4654-4665, 2014.

The present study aimed to analyze genetic relatedness and differentiation of common native goat populations in some countries of the Middle East. The populations were Ardi, Black Bedouin, and Damascus goats in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Syria, respectively. Domesticated goats of the Middle East are mostly related to common ancestors, but there is limited molecular genetic evidence. Four microsatellite DNA markers were genotyped in 89 individuals of the three populations using an automated genetic analyzer.

Genetic diversity and population structure of wild Dipsacus asperoides in China as indicated by ISSR markers

D. X. Chen, Li, L. Y., Zhang, X., Wang, Y., and Zhang, Z., “Genetic diversity and population structure of wild Dipsacus asperoides in China as indicated by ISSR markers”, vol. 13, pp. 6340-6349, 2014.

In order to evaluate the genetic diversity and genetic structure of wild Dipsacus asperoides, we surveyed genetic polymorphisms in 288 individuals from 12 populations using ISSR. A total of 240 bands were amplified, among which 190 were polymorphic loci. At the species level, genetic diversity was found to be abundant: PPB = 79.17%, NE = 1.2152, H = 0.1361, and Hsp = 0.2213.

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