Isoenzymes

Molecular characterization of endophytes isolated from Saccharum spp based on esterase and ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) analyses

A. C. Leme, Bevilaqua, M. R. R., Rhoden, S. A., Mangolin, C. A., Machado, M. F. P. S., and Pamphile, J. A., Molecular characterization of endophytes isolated from Saccharum spp based on esterase and ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) analyses, vol. 12, pp. 4095-4105, 2013.

This study used esterases and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) markers to determine endophytic variability in order to better understand endophyte-host interactions. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and esterase isoenzymes (EST; EC 3.1.1.3), with α-naphthyl acetate and β-naphthyl acetate as substrates, were used to assess relationships among endophytes. ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequencing data were used as rDNA markers. Thirty-two esterases were obtained from 37 isolates of Saccharum spp, which clustered into five endophyte groups.

Differential gene expression patterns in the autogamous plant Hordeum euclaston (Poaceae)

J. E. Georg-Kraemer, Ferreira, C. A. S., and Cavalli, S. S., Differential gene expression patterns in the autogamous plant Hordeum euclaston (Poaceae), vol. 10, pp. 295-310, 2011.

Sib-seedlings of 95 strains of the strictly autogamous grass Hordeum euclaston were analyzed by horizontal polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for four isoenzyme systems at a specific ontogenetic stage. We found differences in the activity of some genes among individuals of this species. Hence, an ontogenetic analysis was carried out to investigate 12 strains at five ontogenetic stages, to determine the patterns of expression of these genes during development.

Isoenzyme electrophoretic patterns in discus fish (Symphysodon aequifasciatus Pellegrin, 1904 and Symphysodon discus Heckel, 1840) from the Central Amazon

C. A. Silva, Lima, R. C. A., and Teixeira, A. S., Isoenzyme electrophoretic patterns in discus fish (Symphysodon aequifasciatus Pellegrin, 1904 and Symphysodon discus Heckel, 1840) from the Central Amazon, vol. 7, pp. 791-805, 2008.

The discus is a very popular and expensive aquarium fish belonging to the family Cichlidae, genus Symphysodon, formed by three Amazon basin endemic species: Symphysodon aequifasciatus, S. discus and S. tarzoo. The taxonomic status of these fish is very controversial, with a paucity of molecular research on their population genetic structure and species identification.

Psorophora columbiae and Psorophora toltecum (Diptera: Culicidae) Colombian populations cannot be differentiated by isoenzymes

M. Ruiz-Garcia, Ramirez, D., Bello, F., and Alvarez, D., Psorophora columbiae and Psorophora toltecum (Diptera: Culicidae) Colombian populations cannot be differentiated by isoenzymes, vol. 2, pp. 229-259, 2003.

Two populations of the mosquito Psorophora columbiae from the central Andean area of Colombia and one population of Ps. toltecum from the Atlantic coast of Colombia were analyzed for 11 isoenzyme markers. Psorophora columbiae and Ps. toltecum are two of the main vectors of Venezuelan equine encephalitis. We found no conspicuous genetic differences between the two species. The relatively high gene flow levels among these populations indicate that these are not two different species or that there has been recent divergence between these taxa.

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