Proliferation

Mitochondria-dependent apoptogenic activity of the aqueous root extract of Croton membranaceus against human BPH-1 cells

D. K. Afriyie, Asare, G. A., Bugyei, K., Lin, J., Peng, J., and Hong, Z., Mitochondria-dependent apoptogenic activity of the aqueous root extract of Croton membranaceus against human BPH-1 cells, vol. 14, pp. 149-162, 2015.

Croton membranaceus aqueous root extract (CMARE) is among the widely used phytotherapeutics in Ghana for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. However, the mechanism of action of CMARE remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to establish whether apoptosis is involved in the antiproliferative effect of CMARE on human BPH-1 cells. We determined the effect of treatment with 0, 1, 3, and 5 mg/mL CMARE for 24, 48, and 72 h on the viability and morphology of BPH-1 cells using the MMT assay and phase-contrast microscopy, respectively.

Effect of curcumin on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of human melanoma A375 cells

Y. P. Zhang, Li, Y. Q., Lv, Y. T., and Wang, J. M., Effect of curcumin on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of human melanoma A375 cells, vol. 14, pp. 1056-1067, 2015.

Malignant melanoma is a melanocytic tumor with a high potential of invasion and metastasis. Curcumin is extracted from Curcuma longa L.; curcumin has anti-tumor efficacy in multiple systemic malignancies. Here, we investigated the effect of curcumin on A375 human melanoma cells. A375 cells were cultivated, passaged, and treated with different concentrations of curcumin. We observed the cellular morphology and determined the migration, invasion, proliferation, and apoptosis of A375 cells in vitro.

Inhibition of adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by erythropoietin via activating ERK and P38 MAPK

G. X. Liu, Zhu, J. C., Chen, X. Y., Zhu, A. Z., Liu, C. C., Lai, Q., and Chen, S. T., Inhibition of adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by erythropoietin via activating ERK and P38 MAPK, vol. 14, pp. 6968-6977, 2015.

We examined whether erythropoietin (EPO) can inhibit adipogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the mouse bone marrow and its underlying mechanism. We separated and extracted mouse bone marrow MSCs and induced adipogenic differen­tiation using 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, insulin, and dexamethasone. Different concentrations of EPO were added to the cells and observed by Oil Red O staining on the 20th day to quantitatively analyze the degree of cell differentiation.

Overexpression of the growth arrest-specific homeobox gene Gax inhibits proliferation, migration, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in serum-induced vascular smooth muscle cells

H. Zheng, Xue, S., Hu, Z. L., Shan, J. G., and Yang, W. G., Overexpression of the growth arrest-specific homeobox gene Gax inhibits proliferation, migration, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis in serum-induced vascular smooth muscle cells, vol. 13, pp. 1993-2008, 2014.

The Gax gene has been implicated in a variety of cell-developmental and biological processes, and aberrant Gax expression is linked to many diseases. In this study, to provide important insights for Gax-based gene therapy in vein graft restenosis and its anti-restenotic mechanism, we used rabbit vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to investigate the effects of Gax overexpression on proliferation, migration, cell cycle, and apoptosis in a serum-stimulated culture.

Wnt/β-catenin aids in regulating the proliferation of hepG2 cells mediated by thy-1

B. Q. Cheng, Jiang, Y., Zhu, Q., and Lin, W. G., Wnt/β-catenin aids in regulating the proliferation of hepG2 cells mediated by thy-1, vol. 13, pp. 5115-5127, 2014.

Cancer stem cells have been found to play important roles in carcinoma. Although thy-1 has been identified as a potential stem cell marker of liver cancer, whether the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in regulating hepatocarcinoma proliferation and apoptosis mediated by thy-1 remains unknown. Our results showed that high thy-1 expression caused hepG2 cells transfected with a pReceiver-M29/thy-1 eukaryotic expression vector to exhibit obvious heteromorphism, featuring double or multiple nuclei and weaker apoptosis.

Effects of rifampicin on osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow

Z. Zhang, Wang, X., Luo, F., Yang, H., Hou, T., Zhou, Q., Dai, F., He, Q., and Xu, J., Effects of rifampicin on osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow, vol. 13, pp. 6398-6410, 2014.

This study was designed to investigate the effect of different concentrations of rifampicin on osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in human bone marrow. Rifampicin treatment at 0, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 mg/mL was applied throughout the whole process, from stromal cells purified from human bone marrow to differentiated bone cells. The effect of rifampicin on MSC proliferation was determined using the MTT assay.

Long interspersed nucleotide acid element-1 ORF-1 protein promotes proliferation and invasion of human colorectal cancer LoVo cells through enhancing ETS-1 activity

M. Y. Li, Zhu, M., Feng, F., Cai, F. Y., Fan, K. C., Jiang, H., Wang, Z. Q., and Linghu, E. Q., Long interspersed nucleotide acid element-1 ORF-1 protein promotes proliferation and invasion of human colorectal cancer LoVo cells through enhancing ETS-1 activity, vol. 13, pp. 6981-6994, 2014.

The human proto-oncogene long interspersed nucleotide acid element-1 (LINE-1) open reading frame-1 protein (ORF-1p) is involved in the progress of several cancers. The transcription factor ETS-1 can mediate the transcription of some downstream genes that play specific roles in the regulation of cancerous cell invasion and metastasis. In this study, the effects of LINE-1 ORF-1p on ETS-1 activity and on the proliferation and invasion of human colorectal cancer LoVo cells were investigated.

Effects of hypoxia on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells: an in vitro and in vivo study

Q. B. Zhang, Zhang, Z. Q., Fang, S. L., Liu, Y. R., Jiang, G., and Li, K. F., Effects of hypoxia on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells: an in vitro and in vivo study, vol. 13, pp. 10204-10214, 2014.

Changes in oxygen concentration may influence various innate characteristics of stem cells. The effects of varying oxygen concentration on human periodontal ligament stem cells (HPDLSCs) has not been explored, particularly under hypoxia-related conditions. First, HPDLSCs were cultured from the periodontium of human teeth using the outgrowth method. STRO-1 and CD146 expression of HPDLSCs was investigated by flow cytometry. To detect the multilineage differentiation capacities of HPDLSCs, osteogenic-like and adipogenic-like states were induced in cells.

Establishment and initial characterization of SOX2-overexpressing NT2/D1 cell clones

D. Drakulic, Krstic, A., and Stevanovic, M., Establishment and initial characterization of SOX2-overexpressing NT2/D1 cell clones, vol. 11, pp. 1385-1400, 2012.

SOX2, a universal marker of pluripotent stem cells, is a transcription factor that helps control embryonic development in vertebrates; its expression persists in neural stem/progenitor cells into adulthood. Considering the critical role of the SOX2 transcription factor in the regulation of genes required for self-renewal and pluripotency of stem cells, we developed and characterized SOX2-overexpressing NT2/D1 cell clones.

MicroRNA-181b expression in prostate cancer tissues and its influence on the biological behavior of the prostate cancer cell line PC-3

L. He, Yao, H., Fan, L. H., Liu, L., Qiu, S., Li, X., Gao, J. P., and Hao, C. Q., MicroRNA-181b expression in prostate cancer tissues and its influence on the biological behavior of the prostate cancer cell line PC-3, vol. 12, pp. 1012-1021, 2013.

We examined microRNA-181b (miRNA) expression in prostate cancer tissues and its effect on the prostate cancer cell line PC-3. Tissues from 27 cases of prostate cancer and 30 samples of normal human prostate were collected by surgical removal. Total miRNA was extracted, and the relative expression of miR-181b was quantified using RT-PCR. miR-181b ASO was transfected into prostate cancer PC-3 cells. miR-181b expression in transfected and non-transfected cells was measured using RT-PCR. Changes in cell apoptosis were measured using flow cytometry.

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