Prostate cancer

Expression of PCA3 and PSA genes as a biomarker for differential diagnosis of nodular hyperplasia and prostate cancer

F. F. Coelho, F. Guimarães, L., Cabral, W. L. Ribeiro, Salles, P. G. Oliveira, E. Mateo, C., L. Nogueira, M. Nogueira e, Fonseca, C. E. Corradi, and K. Gomes, B., “Expression of PCA3 and PSA genes as a biomarker for differential diagnosis of nodular hyperplasia and prostate cancer”, vol. 14, pp. 13519-13531, 2015.

We evaluated the expression of the PCA3 gene in urine from patients with nodular hyperplasia/benign prostatic hyperplasia (PNH) or adenocarcinoma type prostate cancer (PCa).The study included 59 men: 22 with PCa, 26 with PNH, and 11 with no alterations (controls). Patients’ urine was collected following prostatic massage and quantified by quantitative real-time PCR for prostate cancer antigen 3 gene (PCA3) and prostate-specific antigen gene (PSA) expression with the ACTB gene for normalization.

Influence of suppression of CapG gene expression by siRNA on the growth and metastasis of human prostate cancer cells

B. K. Li, Guo, K., Li, C. Y., Li, H. L., Zhao, P. P., Chen, K., and Liu, C. X., “Influence of suppression of CapG gene expression by siRNA on the growth and metastasis of human prostate cancer cells”, vol. 14, pp. 15769-15778, 2015.

This study investigated CapG gene expression in prostate cancer cell lines; in addition, we explored the effects of CapG suppression on DU145 cell growth, and the underlying mechanism with which CapG affects DU145 cell growth and invasiveness. The expression of CapG and 18 related genes in DU145 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), CCK8 assay, western blot, and the trans-well assay. DU145 cells were transfected with designed small interfering RNA (siRNA). CapG expression was quantified by qPCR and western blot.

Effect of siRNA targeting HER2/neu on the proliferation and viability of prostate cancer PC-3M cells

C. Y. Liu, Xu, P. C., Chen, D. G., Fan, X. H., Li, M. Q., Yang, X., and Xu, Y. P., “Effect of siRNA targeting HER2/neu on the proliferation and viability of prostate cancer PC-3M cells”, vol. 14, pp. 17145-17153, 2015.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu) on the proliferation and viability of prostate cancer PC-3M cells. Chemically synthesized siRNA targeting HER2/neu was transfected into PC-3M cells by using liposomes, and cells transfected with empty liposomes, a negative siRNA sequence, or nothing (untransfected) were used as controls. mRNA and protein levels of HER2/neu were detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively.

Association between MTHFR gene polymorphisms (C677T, A1298C) and genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer: a meta-analysis

P. L. Chen, Li, W. T., Wang, J., Jiang, Y. D., Wu, P., Chen, T., and Zheng, S. B., “Association between MTHFR gene polymorphisms (C677T, A1298C) and genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer: a meta-analysis”, vol. 14, pp. 19191-19202, 2015.

Genetic polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) were shown to be related to prostate cancer risk in previous studies; however, the results are controversial. We performed a meta-analysis of previous studies and quantitatively estimated these associations. Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane Library Database were searched for published case-control studies evaluating the association between C677T (or A1298C) and prostate cancer risk. Pooled associations were presented as odds ratios (ORs) along with their 95% confidence intervals.

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