Random amplified polymorphic DNA

Genetic diversity of natural populations of Anemopaegma arvense (Bignoniaceae) in the Cerrado of São Paulo State, Brazil

A. P. Batistini, Telles, M. P. C., Bertoni, B. W., J. Coppede, daS., Môro, F. V., S. França, deC., and Pereira, A. M. S., Genetic diversity of natural populations of Anemopaegma arvense (Bignoniaceae) in the Cerrado of São Paulo State, Brazil, vol. 8, pp. 52-63, 2009.

Catuaba (Anemopaegma arvense), a Bignoniaceae species endemic to Cerrado regions, shows anticancer properties and is widely used as a stimulant in traditional medicine. We evaluated the genetic diversity of seven populations found in the State of São Paulo, using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. After optimization of the amplification reaction, 10 selected primers produced 70 reproducible bands, with 72.8% polymorphism. The greatest genetic diversity was observed within populations (71.72%).

Estimation of genetic diversity among sunflower genotypes through random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis

M. A. Iqbal, Sadaqat, H. A., and Khan, I. A., Estimation of genetic diversity among sunflower genotypes through random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis, vol. 7, pp. 1408-1413, 2008.

The genetic diversity among eight sunflower lines was determined through the estimation of the random amplified polymorphic DNA method. One hundred and fifty-six DNA fragments were generated by 20 random primers, for an average of about 7.8 bands per primer. Of these amplified DNA fragments, 104 were polymorphic among the eight sunflower lines. Nei and Li’s similarity matrix gave values from 51.59 to 77.78%, which indicated a broad genetic base. The maximum similarity, 77.78%, was observed between R-SIN-82 and RN-46.

Optimizing reproducibility evaluation for random amplified polymorphic DNA markers

J. R. Ramos, Telles, M. P. C., Diniz-Filho, J. A. F., Soares, T. N., Melo, D. B., and Oliveira, G., Optimizing reproducibility evaluation for random amplified polymorphic DNA markers, vol. 7, pp. 1384-1391, 2008.

The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique is often criticized because it usually shows low levels of repeatability; thus it can generate spurious bands. These problems can be partially overcome by rigid laboratory protocols and by performing repeatability tests. However, because it is expensive and time-consuming to obtain genetic data twice for all individuals, a few randomly chosen individuals are usually selected for a priori repeatability analysis, introducing a potential bias in genetic parameter estimates.

Identification of Turkish and standard apple rootstocks by morphological and molecular markers

A. Koc, Akbulut, M., Orhan, E., Celik, Z., Bilgener, S., and Ercisli, S., Identification of Turkish and standard apple rootstocks by morphological and molecular markers, vol. 8, pp. 420-425, 2009.

Two local (Vezir-1 and Vezir-2) and two standard (M9 and MM106) clonal apple rootstocks were compared using both morphological and molecular markers. International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants criteria were used for morphological evaluation, which did not clearly separate these rootstocks. We tested 47 random decamer primers for random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis; 15 of them gave reproducible polymorphic patterns, yielding 109 bands, which showed 78% polymorphism.

Estimation of genetic distance between 10 maize accessions with varying response to different levels of soil moisture

M. Aslam, Awan, F. S., Khan, I. A., and Khan, A. I., Estimation of genetic distance between 10 maize accessions with varying response to different levels of soil moisture, vol. 8, pp. 1459-1465, 2009.

Ten maize accessions (NC-9, A50-2, M-14, B-42, NC-3, T-7, N-48-1, B-34, USSR, and WFTMS) were studied to estimate the genetic distance on molecular level by random amplified polymorphic DNA. These accessions were selected on the basis of their variable responses against different levels of moisture. Twenty-five primers were used to test genetic diversity, of which 14 were observed to be polymorphic. Ninety-three loci were amplified; among these, 77 showed polymorphism and the other 16 were monomorphic.

Genetic diversity of Saccharum officinarum accessions in Pakistan as revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA

F. A. Khan, Khan, A., Azhar, F. M., and Rauf, S., Genetic diversity of Saccharum officinarum accessions in Pakistan as revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA, vol. 8, pp. 1376-1382, 2009.

Genetic diversity of 20 sugarcane accessions in Pakistan was studied using 21 random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. The mean genetic distance between the cultivars was 39.03%, demonstrating that a large part of the genome is similar among the accessions. This probably arises from a lack of parental diversity, with few clones, which are themselves related, contributing to the parentage of these varieties. Among the varieties, none was found to be totally distinct and divergent from the others.

An assessment of genetic variability and relationships among wild-grown blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) plants based on RAPD markers

Y. Erturk, Ercisli, S., Maghradze, D., Orhan, E., and Agar, G., An assessment of genetic variability and relationships among wild-grown blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) plants based on RAPD markers, vol. 8, pp. 1238-1244, 2009.

Prunus spinosa, blackthorn, exists as wild populations that inhabit uncultivated uplands of Coruh Valley in the northeastern part of Turkey; the fruit is used to make preserves. We examined genetic diversity in wild-grown Prunus spinosa; 16 individual plants from wild populations of Coruh Valley were sampled and subjected to RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) analysis. We tested 51 random decamer primers; 15 of them gave reproducible polymorphic patterns. These 15 primers produced 226 bands, of which 65% were polymorphic.

RAPD-based study of genetic variation and relationships among wild fig genotypes in Turkey

M. Akbulut, Ercisli, S., and Karlidag, H., RAPD-based study of genetic variation and relationships among wild fig genotypes in Turkey, vol. 8, pp. 1109-1115, 2009.

The fig tree (Ficus carica L.) is of significant socio-economic importance in Turkey, with 25% of the world’s fig production. Genetic variation and relationships among 14 wild-grown figs sampled from Coruh Valley in Turkey were characterized by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Ninety-eight DNA fragments were scored after amplification of DNA samples with 13 random primers; 70% of the scored bands were polymorphic. Genetic distances between the fig genotypes ranged from 0.21 to 0.62.

Genetic variability in species of bats revealed by RAPD analysis

P. R. L. Moreira and Morielle-Versute, E., Genetic variability in species of bats revealed by RAPD analysis, vol. 5, pp. 804-815, 2006.

Random amplified polymorphic DNA molecular marker was utilized as a means of analyzing genetic variability in seven bat species: Molossus molossus, M. rufus, Eumops glaucinus, E. perotis, Myotis nigricans, Eptesicus furinalis, and Artibeus planirostris. The determination of genetic diversity was based on 741 bands produced by a 20-random primer set. Only eight bands were considered monomorphic to one species. The greatest number of bands and the most polymorphic condition were exhibited by M.

Lack of interpopulation genetic structure in the genus Stegastes (Perciformes) with indication of local introgression

E. A. Dias, Jr, Souza, A. S., and Molina, W. F., Lack of interpopulation genetic structure in the genus Stegastes (Perciformes) with indication of local introgression, vol. 6, pp. 1097-1106, 2007.

The family Pomacentridae comprises about 326 species belonging to 28 genera. The genus Stegastes is composed of nearly 33 species, and 8 are endemic to the Brazilian Province, inhabiting the Brazilian coast (Stegastes fuscus, S. variabilis, S. leucosticus, S. uenfi, and S. pictus) or Western Atlantic oceanic islands (S. trindadensis, S. rocasensis and S. sanctipauli).

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