RAPD

Genetic diversity in a germplasm bank of Oenocarpus mapora (Arecaceae)

E. F. Moura and de Oliveira, M. S. P., Genetic diversity in a germplasm bank of Oenocarpus mapora (Arecaceae), vol. 11, pp. 4008-4018, 2012.

Oenocarpus mapora is an Amazonian palm species commonly used by native populations for food and in folk medicine. We measured genetic variability, using RAPD markers, of material kept in a germplasm bank composed of accessions sampled from the Brazilian Amazon. These included 74 individuals from 23 accessions sampled from 9 localities in three States of the Brazilian Amazon. Jaccard genetic similarities were calculated based on 137 polymorphic bands, amplified by 15 primers.

A protocol for high-quality genomic DNA extraction from legumes

I. O. Agbagwa, Datta, S., Patil, P. G., Singh, P., and Nadarajan, N., A protocol for high-quality genomic DNA extraction from legumes, vol. 11, pp. 4632-4639, 2012.

Current DNA extraction protocols, which require liquid nitrogen, lyophilization and considerable infrastructure in terms of instrumentation, often impede the application of biotechnological tools in less researched crops in laboratories in developing countries. We modified and optimized the existing CTAB method for plant genomic DNA extraction by avoiding liquid nitrogen usage and lyophilization. DNA was extracted directly from freshly harvested leaves ground in pre-heated CTAB buffer.

Genetic diversity analysis in Opal cotton hybrids based on SSR, ISSR, and RAPD markers

Z. Noormohammadi, Y. Farahani, H. - A., Sheidai, M., Ghasemzadeh-Baraki, S., and Alishah, O., Genetic diversity analysis in Opal cotton hybrids based on SSR, ISSR, and RAPD markers, vol. 12. pp. 256-269, 2013.

Cotton is one of the most economically important crops in Iran; hybridization is a means to increase the genetic diversity and obtain new elite cultivars in this crop. We examined agronomic characteristics and molecular genetic diversity in the Opal cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cultivar and in F2 progenies. Ten homo-primers and seven hetero-primers of 26 RAPD primers produced 261 reproducible bands, with an average of 4.18 bands per primer and 22% polymorphism.

Production of interspecific hybrids between commercial cultivars of the eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and its wild relative S. torvum

J. Kumchai, Wei, Y. - C., Lee, C. - Y., Chen, F. - C., and Chin, S. - W., Production of interspecific hybrids between commercial cultivars of the eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and its wild relative S. torvum, vol. 12, pp. 755-764, 2013.

Interspecific hybrids between cultivars of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and its wild relative S. torvum, which has disease resistance and desirable traits for crop improvement, were obtained by cross-hybridization and embryo rescue. Twenty-one hybrid progenies were obtained and examined based on morphological traits, RAPD and ISSR markers. Five of them were confirmed to be true interspecific hybrids. Eighteen and 14 bands from 7 RAPD and 14 ISSR primers, respectively, were polymorphic and present in all five hybrid seedlings and their parents.

A new strategy for identification of currant (Ribes nigrum L.) cultivars using RAPD markers

J. Huo, Yang, G., Zhang, Y., and Li, F., A new strategy for identification of currant (Ribes nigrum L.) cultivars using RAPD markers, vol. 12, pp. 2056-2067, 2013.

We developed a new approach using RAPD fingerprints to distinguish 37 currant cultivars from northeastern China based on opti­mization of RAPD by choosing 11 nucleotide primers and strict screen­ing PCR annealing temperature. We found that the manual cultivar iden­tification diagram (MCID) approach clearly developed fingerprints from 8 different primers that were useful for cultivar identification; a cultivar identification diagram (CID) was readily constructed.

A novel and efficient strategy for practical identification of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) varieties using modified RAPD fingerprints

N. K. Korir, Li, X. Y., Leng, X. P., Wu, Z., Wang, C., and Fang, J. G., A novel and efficient strategy for practical identification of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) varieties using modified RAPD fingerprints, vol. 12, pp. 1816-1828, 2013.

Tomato breeding and variety development have led to the generation of a large number of varieties in many countries worldwide. This has created a growing and urgent need for an improved strategy for genotyping and identification since the traditional methods based on phenotype are growing unreliable. DNA markers could provide distinct benefits in tomato variety identification; however, DNA fingerprint analyses have not made DNA marker data readily usable for identification of varieties in tomato and other crops.

Use of molecular markers to compare Fusarium verticillioides pathogenic strains isolated from plants and humans

S. C. Chang, Macêdo, D. P. C., Souza-Motta, C. M., and Oliveira, N. T., Use of molecular markers to compare Fusarium verticillioides pathogenic strains isolated from plants and humans, vol. 12, pp. 2863-2875, 2013.

Fusarium verticillioides is a pathogen of agriculturally im­portant crops, especially maize. It is considered one of the most impor­tant pathogens responsible for fumonisin contamination of food products, which causes severe, chronic, and acute intoxication in humans and ani­mals. Moreover, it is recognized as a cause of localized infections in im­munocompetent patients and disseminated infections among severely im­munosuppressed patients. Several molecular tools have been used to ana­lyze the intraspecific variability of fungi.

Genetic diversity of Palestine landraces of faba bean (Vicia faba) based on RAPD markers

R. Basheer-Salimia, Shtaya, M., Awad, M., Abdallah, J., and Hamdan, Y., Genetic diversity of Palestine landraces of faba bean (Vicia faba) based on RAPD markers, vol. 12, pp. 3314-3323, 2013.

Until now, neither phenotypic nor molecular approaches have been used to characterize the landraces of Palestine faba beans (Vicia faba). We used PCR-based RAPD markers to determine the genetic diversity and relatedness among 26 Palestinian faba bean landraces (traditional farmers' varieties) from 8 localities in the West Bank, Palestine. In tests with 37 primers, 14 generated no polymorphic bands, 12 exhibited weak and unclear products, and 11 primers produced good amplification products with high intensity and pattern stability.

Identification of a locus characteristic of male individuals of buffalo grass [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] by using an RAPD marker

Y. X. Li, Wang, X. G., Yang, C. H., Cong, L. L., Wu, F. F., Xue, J. G., and Han, Y. H., Identification of a locus characteristic of male individuals of buffalo grass [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] by using an RAPD marker, vol. 12, pp. 4070-4077, 2013.

Buffalo grass [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] plants can be either male, female, or hermaphrodite (monoecious). As there is no morphological difference in the early vegetative growth of these three classes of plants, it is worthwhile to use molecular biological methods to attempt to identify the sex of a plant at this early growth period. In this study, we identified 23 plants that had a stable sex for over at least 3 years. Of these, 9 were male plants, 10 were female plants, and 4 were hermaphrodites.

Genetic diversity of spineless Cereus jamacaru accessions using morphological and molecular markers

F. I. C. Oliveira, Bordallo, P. N., Castro, A. C. R., and Correia, D., Genetic diversity of spineless Cereus jamacaru accessions using morphological and molecular markers, vol. 12, pp. 4586-4594, 2013.

This is the first study to examine the genetic diversity of mandacaru cactus (Cereus jamacaru P. DC.). Plants of spineless mandacaru are commonly found in gardens and parks of urban areas in northeastern Brazil. In addition to exploring their ornamental potential, morphological, and genetic characterization may contribute to the development of plant materials that can be used as a source of macromolecules of potential economic interest.

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