Zea mays

Expression of genes related to tolerance to low temperature for maize seed germination

I. C. Silva-Neta, Pinho, E. V., Veiga, A. D., Pìnho, R. G., Guimarães, R. M., Caixeta, F., Santos, H. O., and Marques, T. L., Expression of genes related to tolerance to low temperature for maize seed germination, vol. 14, pp. 2674-2690, 2015.

The aim of this study was to characterize maize lines tolerant to cold temperatures during the germination process. Seeds from lines with different levels of tolerance to low temperatures were used; 3 lines were classified as tolerant and 3 as susceptible to low germination temperatures. A field was set up to multiply seeds from selected lines. After the seeds were harvested and classified, we conducted physiological tests and analyzed fatty acid content of palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and eicosenoic acids.

Verification and characterization of chromosome duplication in haploid maize

E. Gde Oliveir Couto, Von Pinho, E. V. Resende, Von Pinho, R. G., Veiga, A. D., de Carvalho, M. R., F. Bustamante, deOliveira, and Nascimento, M. S., Verification and characterization of chromosome duplication in haploid maize, vol. 14, pp. 6999-7007, 2015.

Doubled haploid technology has been used by various private companies. However, information regarding chromosome duplication methodologies, particularly those concerning techniques used to identify duplication in cells, is limited. Thus, we analyzed and characterized artificially doubled haploids using microsatellites molecular markers, pollen viability, and flow cytometry techniques.

Genetic gains in the UENF-14 popcorn population with recurrent selection

I. L. J. Freitas, Júnior, A. Tdo Amaral, Freitas, Jr., S. P., Cabral, P. D. S., Ribeiro, R. M., and Gonçalves, L. S. A., Genetic gains in the UENF-14 popcorn population with recurrent selection, vol. 13, pp. 518-527, 2014.

The popcorn breeding program of Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro aims to provide farmers a cultivar with desirable agronomic traits, particularly with respect to grain yield (GY) and popping expansion (PE). We evaluated full-sib families from the seventh cycle of recurrent selection and estimated the genetic progress with respect to GY and PE.

Identification of a major quantitative trait locus for ear size induced by space flight in sweet corn

Y. T. Yu, Li, G. K., Yang, Z. L., Hu, J. G., Zheng, J. R., and Qi, X. T., Identification of a major quantitative trait locus for ear size induced by space flight in sweet corn, vol. 13, pp. 3069-3078, 2014.

The development of molecular markers has contributed to progress in identifying the gene(s) responsible for favorable variations in maize studies. In this study, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was conducted using simple sequence repeat markers in an F2 sweet corn population from a cross between parental line 1132 and space flight-induced mutant line 751 to identify the loci contributing to an increase in some yield traits. A primary mutated genomic region was located on chromosome 9.

Prospecting of popcorn hybrids for resistance to fall armyworm

N. C. S. Crubelati-Mulati, Scapim, C. A., Albuquerque, F. A., Júnior, A. T. Amaral, Vivas, M., and Rodovalho, M. A., Prospecting of popcorn hybrids for resistance to fall armyworm, vol. 13, pp. 6539-6547, 2014.

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is the pest that causes the greatest economic losses for both common corn and popcorn crops, and the use of resistant plant genotypes is an important tool for integrated pest management. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the damage caused by S. frugiperda on single-cross popcorn hybrids under field conditions with natural infestation as well as to study the effect of 11 popcorn hybrids on the S. frugiperda life cycle under laboratory conditions.

Bayesian inference to study genetic control of resistance to gray leaf spot in maize

M. Balestre, Von Pinho, R. G., and Brito, A. H., Bayesian inference to study genetic control of resistance to gray leaf spot in maize, vol. 11, pp. 17-29, 2012.

Gray leaf spot (GLS) is a major maize disease in Brazil that significantly affects grain production. We used Bayesian inference to investigate the nature and magnitude of gene effects related to GLS resistance by evaluation of contrasting lines and segregating populations. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications and the mean values were analyzed using a Bayesian shrinkage approach. Additive-dominant and epistatic effects and their variances were adjusted in an over-parametrized model.

Genetic progress in the UNB-2U population of popcorn under recurrent selection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

R. M. Ribeiro, Júnior, A. Tdo Amaral, Gonçalves, L. S. A., Candido, L. S., Silva, T. R. C., and Pena, G. F., Genetic progress in the UNB-2U population of popcorn under recurrent selection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, vol. 11, pp. 1417-1423, 2012.

As part of the Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense recurrent selection program of popcorn, we evaluated full-sib families of the sixth cycle of recurrent selection and estimated genetic progress for grain yield and expansion capacity. We assessed 200 full-sib families for 10 agronomic traits, in a randomized block design, with two replications within sets in two environments: Campos dos Goytacazes and Itaocara, in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Selection of high heterozygosity popcorn varieties in Brazil based on SSR markers

I. B. O. Eloi, Mangolin, C. A., Scapim, C. A., Gonçalves, C. S., and Machado, M. F. P. S., Selection of high heterozygosity popcorn varieties in Brazil based on SSR markers, vol. 11, pp. 1851-1860, 2012.

We analyzed genetic structure and diversity among eight populations of popcorn, using SSR loci as genetic markers. Our objectives were to select SSR loci that could be used to estimate genetic diversity within popcorn populations, and to analyze the genetic structure of promising populations with high levels of heterozygosity that could be used in breeding programs. Fifty-seven alleles (3.7 alleles per locus) were detected; the highest effective number of alleles (4.21) and the highest gene diversity (0.763) were found for the Umc2226 locus.

Stability and adaptability of popcorn genotypes in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

G. F. Pena, Júnior, A. Tdo Amaral, Gonçalves, L. S. A., Candido, L. S., Vittorazzi, C., Ribeiro, R. M., and Júnior, S. P. Freitas, Stability and adaptability of popcorn genotypes in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, vol. 11, pp. 3042-3050, 2012.

This study aimed to obtain estimates of stability and adaptability of phase launched materials and materials recommended in the country, for the northern and northwestern regions of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and made a comparative analysis of different methods to evaluate stability and adaptability of grain yield and popping expansion. To this end, 10 genotypes were evaluated (UNB2U-C3, UNB2U-C4, BRS Angela, Viçosa, Beija-Flor, IAC 112, IAC 125, Zélia, Jade, and UFVM2 Barão de Viçosa) in five environments.

Physiological quality and gene expression related to heat-resistant proteins at different stages of development of maize seeds

T. Andrade, Von Pinho, E. V. R., Von Pinho, R. G., Oliveira, G. E., Andrade, V., and Fernandes, J. S., Physiological quality and gene expression related to heat-resistant proteins at different stages of development of maize seeds, vol. 12, pp. 3630-3642, 2013.

We quantified and characterized the expression of heat-resistant proteins during seed development of maize lines with distinct levels of tolerance to high drying temperature. A corn field was planted for multiplication of seeds of different lines, two tolerant and two non-tolerant to high drying temperatures. Harvest of the seeds was carried out at various stages of development and they were then subjected to tests of moisture content, germination, first count of germination, accelerated aging, and cold test.

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