Research Article

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Some herbicides are suspected of promoting teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic events. Detection of induced mitotic crossing-over has proven to be an indirect way of testing the carcinogenic properties of suspicious substances, because mitotic crossing-over is involved in the multistep process of carcinogenesis. We examined mitotic crossing-over induced by two commercial herbicides ( ... more

R.A. Cardoso; L.T.A. Pires; T.D. Zucchi; F.D. Zucchi; T.M.A.D. Zucchi
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Aspergillus nidulans; Babesiosis; DNA synthesis inhibitors; Genotoxicity; Homozygotization index

Imidocarb dipropionate (IMD) is a chemotherapeutic agent prescribed for the treatment and control of babesiosis; it is known to be a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor. Although it is an effective babesicide, there are reports of persistent IMD residues retained at high levels in edible tissues of cattle, swine and sheep, raising concerns about potential effects on humans. Since the ... more

P.A.S.R. Santos; J.R. Sant’Anna; C.C.S. Franco; L.J. Rosada; G.N.M. Esquissato; M.A.A. Castro-Prado
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Base excision repair; DNA damage; DNA repair; Genome maintenance; Heterologous complementation; Nucleotide excision

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) acts on a broad spectrum of large lesions, while base excision repair removes individual modified bases. Although both processes have been well studied in human cells, novel genes involved in these DNA repair pathways have been described. Using a heterologous complementation approach, we identified a fetal human cDNA that complemented two Escherichia coli ... more

D.O. Lopes; F.C. Falconi; A.M. Goes; Y. Canitrot; J.S. Hoffmann; C. Cazaux; G.R. Franco; A.M. Macedo; S.D.J. Pena; C.R. Machado
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Apoptosis; DNA damage; genomic instability; Inflammation; Isocyanates; Lung cancer

Lungs comprise the primary organ exposed to environmental toxic chemicals, resulting in diverse respiratory ailments and other disorders, including carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis is a multi-stage phenomenon, which involves a series of genetic alterations that begin with genomic instability provoked by certain factors such as inflammation and DNA damage and end with the development of cancer. ... more

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DNA damage; Genetic analysis; Hair shaft; Mitochondrial DNA; Museum collection; Study skin

The condition of mtDNA in hair shafts preserved in a museum was examined using 30 study skins of masked palm civets, Paguma larvata (Viverridae), collected between 1924 and 2011. Comparisons of extracts from fresh and burnt alum-fixed hair shafts showed that burnt alum, which is commonly used in taxidermy, had no harmful effect on the amount of total DNA and lengths of the mtDNA ... more

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Cadmium; Comet assay; DNA damage; Mice

We investigated the effects of cadmium on lung cell DNA in immature mice. The mice were randomly divided into four groups: control group, low-dose group (1/100 LD50), middle-dose group (1/50 LD50), and high-dose group (1/25 LD50); they were supplied with cadmium chloride or control water for 40 days. Lung cells collected from sacrificed mice were used to ... more

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Alkaloids; Comet assay; DNA damage; Genotoxic activity; Genotoxicity test; Lupinus

The genus Lupinus is widely distributed. Its seeds are used for animal and human food, and Lupinus possesses pharmacological potential because of its high content of quinolizidine alkaloids and flavonoids; however, there is little available information about its genotoxicity. We used the comet assay and staminal nuclei of Tradescantia (clone 4430) to evaluate the ... more

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DNA damage; Huwe1; Neural stem cells; Notch signaling

The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) regulates many cellular processes, including protein stability, cell cycle control, DNA repair, transcription, signal transduction, and protein trafficking. In fact, UPS plays a key role in various stress conditions such as ischemia, glutamate toxicity, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease. Huwe1, a homologous to E6-AP carboxy terminus (HECT) ... more

J. Zhou; Q. Liu; M. Mao; Y. Tong
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Aspergillus nidulans; ATP-binding cassette transporters; Fungal infections; Multidrug resistance

As a preliminary step towards characterizing genes encoding ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters that confer pleiotropic drug resistance in Aspergillus, we used a PCR-based approach to isolate four DNA fragments corresponding to different ABC type transporter genes. DNA sequencing and Southern blot analysis confirmed that they were distinct genes, which were designated ... more

A.Mendes do Nascimento; M.Helena S. Goldman; G.H. Goldman
09/30/2007
Acid phosphatase; Ambient pH; Aspergillus nidulans; Colonial growth; Enzyme secretion; palC gene

The present study was designed to identify nutrient-dependent changes in extracellular pH and acid phosphatase secretion in the biA1 palC4 mutant strain of Aspergillus nidulans. The palC4 mutant was selected as lacking alkaline phosphatase, but having substantially increased acid phosphatase activity when grown on solid minimal medium under phosphate ... more

J.S. Freitas; E.M. Silva; A. Rossi

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